1. Design an advertisement for:
a. Toothpaste
b. Chocolate
2. On an A4 size sheet write about a person who has achieved something great despite his/her physical disability
3. Write a paragraph in about 200-250words on :
a. Success knows no shortcuts
b. Time is precious
Exercise A.
1. She told Rita that when she was not n Delhi, she often met Mini.
2. I said that children are very energetic.
3. The pilot told the passengers that the plane would land in Kolkota.
4. The speaker said that young students need to devote time to social work.
5. The lawyer said that it was a hopeless case.
6. The teacher announced that there would be no classes that day.
7. Sarah said that Gita had worked efficiently.
8. The director told the students that they were very dedicated, so they would do well in life.
9. Soma told me that she had been very ill but she was better then.
10. The passenger said that he had to buy some water.
11. He said that his wife wanted to study law and join a law firm.
12. The police officer said that the accident had taken place at dawn.
Exercise B
1. The budding cricketer told his coach that he would improve if he guided him.
2. I told my friend that he/ she was not working hard enough.
3. The lady told her son that he was very impatient and lost his temper for trivial reasons.
4. I said that he could be trusted to do that job.
5. He told me that Sandeep should not have criticised his sister.
6. He said that he would talk to me/you/him about that the following month.
7. Jiya told me that she would return from London before I left for Chennai.
8. I told the mason that he was taking too long to finish the work. He had promised to complete it in a month.
9. Dr. David told me that I had injured my hamstring muscle. I needed to take rest till the following week.
10. He told me that I could go swimming the next day.
11. Rahul told me that he had met our Maths teacher the day before and he had promised to visit us that day.
12. I said that we had shifted to that apartment a month before.
Exercise C.
1. The stranger asked me if I had lost my way.
2. I asked Rima if she would like to have an ice cream.
3. She asked me lovingly what I would like to eat.
4. She asked me how much money she should take for the vacation.
5. She asked the plumber if he could fix it in a day. The plumber replied in negative that he couldn't start work before the coming week.
6. I asked the man if he could direct me to the post office.
7. I asked my teacher if he/she could explain that to me the next day.
8. Gora asked his mother why they couldn't go to the zoo that day.
9. She asked her friend if he/she would help her pack her bags. The friend replied in affirmative that he/she would certainly help.
10. She asked me who I was and what it was that I wanted from her.
11. He asked me if I could meet him at the library.
12. I asked the porter how much he would take for carrying my bags to the platform.
Exercise D
1. I ordered/requested Rima to help me in cleaning that room.
2. The teacher advised the pupils not to go out in the rain.
3. She requested me to repeat what I had just said.
4. The director advised the actor to be careful when he performed the stunts.
7. My father warned me that at that rate I would lose all my money.
8. Her brother advised her not to speak ill of her friends.
9. He advised his sister not to rush through that or she might commit grave errors.
10. He requested me not to misunderstand him.
11. The mother advised the children not to be so nervous about the exams.
ExIII
Ans1. A market is a physical place where buyers and sellers meet and exchange goods, services and information.
Ans2. In ancient days, before the invention of money, people met in a market place to barter or exchange goods and services. For example a cow could be bartered for ten sacks of wheat.
Ans3. Supermarkets are very big, usually air- conditioned, shopping complexes that have shops selling a variety of goods and services under one roof.
Ans4. Koyamkedu Market in Chennai and Azadpur Mandi in Delhi are two examples of wholesale markets.
Ans5. A department store has many sections or departments in it.
A chain store usually sells goods of one kind and are normally managed by the manufacturers themselves or franchised.
Ex IV.
Ans3. There are different types of markets:
a. WEEKLY MARKETS are held once a week, on a specified day, in a particular area. Weekly markets do not have permanent shops.
b. NEIGHBOURHOOD MARKETS consist of all those ships that cater to the immediate needs of the people of that locality. Though such shops do not offer much choice, they are very convenient for the people of the neighbourhood.
c.SUPERMARKETS AND MALLS are very big, usually air- conditioned, shopping complexes that have shops selling a variety of goods and services under one roof.
d. WHOLESALE MARKET is a place where producers bring their goods to be sold
ExIII
Ans1. Bhakti is the total surrender to God; it is the expression of extreme love to God but expecting anything in return.
Ans2. Sufism is an old religious sect from the Middle East. Sufi means 'wool' in Arabic. The Sufis wore simple woollen garments which reflected the kind of simple life they led. Just like the Bhakti saints, the Sufi pirs believed in meditation, love and devotion to God rather than in rigid customs and rituals. They expressed their devotion through dance and music. They we re respected greatly by the common people.
Ans 3. The earliest of the Bhakti saints was Shankaracharya. Born in the 8th century AD in Kerela, Shankaracharya travelled through out India to spread the importance of jnana as a means to reach God. To him, the world was an illusion or MAYA, with the only reality being that of Brahman or God.
Ans4. Four Bhakti saints of the Medieval period were: Kabir, Tulsidas, Ramanuja and Vallabhacharya.
Ans5. Moinuddin Chisti was one of the most revered of the Sufi saints. He came from Lahore and made Ajmer his home. All his life, he worked for the poor. He felt that service of God meant service of humanity. Even today his dargah is a popular holy place.
Ans6. Nizamuddin Aulia was a famous Sufi pirs of the 14th century AD. He set up his khanqah in Delhi. He asked his followers to lead Siple, austere lives and spend their time seeking God.
ExIV.
Ans2. The basic principles which all the Bhakti saints emphasised were:
1. They believed in the oneness of God -God was one,despite many names.
2. They believed in Bhakti or total surrender and devotion to God.
3.They believed in equality of all human beings. God was inside every person
4.They believed that the way to realise God was through Simple living, and loving and serving others.
5. They denounced elaborate rituals in religion and spoke against superstitions.
6. They believed in the presence of a personal God who could be approached directly without the help of the priests.
7. They believed that people could pray to God in their own simple language.
